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Frailty amplifies the effects of aging on protein metabolism: role of protein intake
Aging frailty protein metabolism
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2017/1/4
Compared with healthy women, frail women had higher rates of whole-body protein synthesis and breakdown per kg fat-free mass and lower rates of muscle protein breakdown when expressed as total amounts...
Effects of tuberculosis and HIV infection on whole-body protein metabolism during feeding, measured by the [15N]glycine method
HIV tuberculosis infection protein metabolism
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2017/1/3
Protein metabolism was determined in the fed state in 11 healthy control subjects, in 10 patients with HIV infection without TB or other active infection (HIV group), in 10 patients with active TB wit...
Dietary intakes and plasma concentrations of carotenoids and tocopherols in relation to glucose metabolism in subjects at high risk of type 2 diabetes: the Botnia Dietary Study
Glucose concentrations insulin resistance dietary intake
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2017/1/3
The subjects were 81 male and 101 female first- and second-degree, nondiabetic relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes. Antioxidant intake data were based on 3-d food records. Subjects taking suppl...
High intakes of vegetables,berries,and apples combined with a high intake of linoleic or oleic acid only slightly affect markers of lipid peroxidation and lipoprotein metabolism in healthy subjects
Monounsaturated fatty acids polyunsaturated fatty acids vegetables berries apples lipid peroxidation lipoprotein metabolism antioxidants human intervention diet
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2016/12/19
Background: A high consumption of vegetables and fruit is associated with decreased risk of ischemic heart disease and several cancers. The pathophysiology of these diseases involves free radical...
Effects of the human apolipoprotein A-I promoter G-A mutation on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism
Postprandial lipemia apolipoprotein A-I G-A mutation triacylglycerols retinyl palmitate coronary artery disease HDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol
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2016/12/19
Background: There is considerable interindividual variability in the postprandial lipid response to a fat-rich meal, and genetic factors have been considered to account for some of these effects....
Association of the fatty acid profile of serum lipids with glucose and insulin metabolism during 2 fat-modified diets in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
Dietary fats serum fatty acid profile lipids glucose metabolism impaired glucose tolerance fat-modified diet
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2016/12/19
Background: Both the amount and quality of dietary fat can modify glucose and insulin metabolism.Objective: The objective was to examine the relation between serum lipid fatty acids and gluc...
Evidence for lack of absorption of soy isoflavone glycosides in humans,supporting the crucial role of intestinal metabolism for bioavailability
Phytoestrogens isoflavones β-glycosides daidzein genistein daidzin genistin absorption soyfoods soymilk adults
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2016/12/19
Background: The isoflavones daidzein and genistein occur naturally in most soyfoods, conjugated almost exclusively to sugars. Controversy exists regarding the extent of bioavailability of isoflav...
Timing of vagal stimulation affects postprandial lipid metabolism in humans
Triacylglycerol pancreatic polypeptide insulin apolipoprotein B-100 very-low-density lipoprotein VLDL chylomicron postprandial lipemia cardiovascular disease sham feeding vagal stimulation men
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2016/12/19
Background: Vagal stimulation combined with an oral fat load enhances postprandial lipemia in animals and humans.Objective: We assessed whether the observed postprandial increase in plasma l...
Extended effects of evening meal carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on fasting and postprandial substrate metabolism
Evening meal high-carbohydrate meal high-fat meal oral glucose tolerance test oral fat tolerance test triacylglycerol
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2016/12/17
Background: High-fat and high-carbohydrate diets lead to insulin resistance, gastrointestinal adaptation, and high plasma triacylglycerol concentrations. It is unclear, however, how rapidly these...
Effect of transferrin polymorphism on the metabolism of vitamin C in Zimbabwean adults
Africa transferrin phenotype vitamin C L-ascorbic acid iron status scurvy blacks
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2016/12/17
Background: Transferrin is the major iron binding protein in human plasma. In black persons, the transferrin CD phenotype has been associated with alterations in certain markers of iron status.Ob...
Body weight, body composition,and energy metabolism in lean and obese Zucker rats fed soybean oil or butter
Dietary fats saturated fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids medium-chain triacylglycerol long-chain triacylglycerol obesity organ mass respiratory quotient substrate oxidation exercise indirect calorimetry rats
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2016/12/17
Background: Dietary fat composition is thought to affect body weight regulation independent of the amount of fat ingested.Objective: We analyzed the feeding behavior, body weight gain, body ...
Primed, constant infusion with [2H3]serine allows in vivo kinetic measurement of serine turnover, homocysteine remethylation, and transsulfuration processes in human one-carbon metabolism
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase apolipoprotein B-100 methionine homocysteine
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2016/6/8
Background: One-carbon metabolism involves both mitochondrial
and cytosolic forms of folate-dependent enzymes in
mammalian cells, but few in vivo data exist to characterize the
biochemical processe...
Defining the steps of the folate one-carbon shuffle and homocysteine metabolism
shuffle homocysteine metabolism
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2016/6/8
In mammals, serine is derived from the diet and is biosynthesized
from glycolysis via 3-phosphoglycerate. Serine plays a
central role in intermediary metabolism as a contributor to phospholipid,
sp...
Effects of acute ()-hydroxycitrate supplementation on substrate metabolism at rest and during exercise in humans1
Hydroxycitrate HCA Garcinia cambogia, fat oxidation obesity dietary supplement weight loss
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2016/6/8
Background: ()-Hydroxycitrate (HCA), a competitive inhibitor
of ATP-citrate lyase, should reduce the extramitochondrial
acetyl-CoA pool. It has been hypothesized that HCA ingestion
can reduce malon...
Effects of alcohol consumption on bone metabolism in elderly women
elderly women alcohol consumption
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2016/6/8
Osteoporosis, the most common type of metabolic bone disease,
affects 20 million Americans and leads to ≥1.3 million
fractures/y, including 250 000 hip fractures. During the course of
their lifetim...