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Bayesian classification methods
Bayesian Decision Theory Cluster Analysis Configural Frequency Analysis Discriminant Analysis
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2009/12/30
Consider the problem of assigning a class label to a set of unclassified cases. If the set of possible classes is known in advance, this is a problem of supervised classification; if, on the other han...
Identifying rater effects using latent trait models
Educational Measurement Performance ratings Psychometrics Rater effects Ratings
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2009/12/30
This study describes how latent trait models, specifically the multi-faceted Rasch model, may be applied to identifying rater effects in performance ratings. Three general types of rater effects are p...
Modeling intraindividual change over time in the absence of a Gold Standard
Classification errors epidemiology physical aggression National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth
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2009/12/30
Looking at intra-individual change over time in a particular phenomenon may present some methodological challenges. The aim of this report was: 1. To show the effect of independent classification erro...
Inferring ability from blame:effects of effort- versus liking-oriented cognitive schemata
ability attribution blame schema social perception teacher-student-interaction
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2009/12/30
Numerous studies have found that blame for failure can have a „seemingly paradoxical“ effect on ability attributions. This effect consists in the inference that the blaming person estimates the ...
Content validity of an objective personality test for the assessment of achievement motive
achievement motive assessment objective test aspiration level endurance
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2009/12/30
Traditionally, variables of achievement motive have been assessed using projective or questionnaire techniques. Under focus here is the test „Work Style“, a new technique applying Cattell’s obje...
Testing the assumption of multivariate normality
multivariate normal distribution multivariate skewness and kurtosis multivariate sector tests
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2009/12/30
Methods of assessing the degree to which multivariate data deviate from multinormality are discussed. The best known of these methods, Mardia’s tests of multivariate skewness and kurtosis, allow one t...
The misuse of asterisks in hypothesis testing
type-I-risk Neyman-Pearson theory sequential sampling robustness
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2009/12/30
This paper serves to demonstrate that the practise of using one, two, or three asterisks (according to a type-I-risk a either 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001) in significance testing as given particularly with r...
Latent Regression Analysis based on the Rating Scale Model
latent trait theory regression model rating scale model explanatory variable
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2009/12/30
A latent structure model for the rating scale model is defined and it is shown how to estimate the parameters of the model. The idea of the model is to model the regression in the mean values of the l...
The robustness of parametric statistical methods
definition of robustness simulation studies robustness of interal estimations robustness of statistical tests
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2009/12/30
In psychological research sometimes non-parametric procedures are in use in cases, where the corresponding parametric procedure is preferable. This is mainly due to the fact that we pay too much atten...
Multinormality and symmetry: a comparison of two statistical tests
multinormality testing multinormality symmetry Monte Carlo
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2009/12/29
Multinormal distributions are symmetric. The degree of deviations from axial symmetry can be assessed using the well known Bowker test. A recently proposed test (von Eye & Bogat, 2004; von Eye & Gardi...
Assessing creativity:the test for creative thinking - drawing production (TCT-DP)The concept,application,evaluation,and international studies
Identification Giftedness Creativity Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP)
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2009/12/29
The Test for Creative Thinking - Drawing Production (TCT-DP), its design, concept and evaluation scheme as well as experiences and results of application are described. The test was designed to mirror...
The robustness of two sample tests for means–a reply on von Eye’s comment
robustness non-normality variance heterogeneity discrete distributions autocorrelation t-test
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2009/12/29
The question, which test; the t-test or the Wilcoxon test for comparing means of two distributions has to be preferred must be answered by “the t-test”. Both tests are robust against non-normality wit...
Robustness is parameter-specific A comment on Rasch and Guiard’s robustness study
robustness normality assumption distribution-free t-test autocorrelation
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2009/12/29
In this comment on an article by Rasch and Guiard (2004), it is argued that the selection of nonparametric over parametric tests cannot rest solely on the characteristic of tests as robust against non...
On changing the position of items in personality questionnaires–analysing effects of item sequence using IRT
item response theory item order questionnaire adaptive testing
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2009/12/29
Although personality questionnaires are widely criticized, they still represent an essential instrument for psychological assessment. By referring to the methodological malpractice of the extraction o...
Processing bias and anxiety in primary school children:a modified emotional Stroop colour-naming task using pictorial facial expressions
cognitive bias anxiety emotional Stroop task children
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2009/12/29
Three studies (Study I: N = 92, Study II: N = 63, Study III: N = 225) investigated the processing of threat-related information in non-clinical samples of young primary school children (aged 6 to 10 y...